介詞語法小講

2021-08-26 詞語

　　介詞是一種表示名詞和句中其他詞之間關系的詞，它不能單獨作句子成分，后接名詞、代詞等作其賓語。

　　一、介詞搭配

　　介詞常與名詞、動詞、形容詞等搭配。

　　(一)與名詞搭配

　　如：

　　in deficit (赤字，逆差)

　　approach to (……的方法)

　　in the wake of (緊緊跟隨，隨著……而來)

　　from scratch (從零開始)

　　例句： China also signed a long?term trade agreement with the EEC in 1978 while trade with the USA has increased rapidly in the wake of the normalization of diplomatic relations at the beginning of 1979.

　　分析：該句是并列句。

　　譯文： 1978年中國還與歐洲經(jīng)濟共同體簽署了長期貿(mào)易協(xié)議;隨著1979年初與美國外交關系正常化的.到來，中國與美國的貿(mào)易也迅速增長。

　　(二)與動詞搭配

　　如：

　　move along (沿著)

　　bustle about (匆忙)

　　buoy up (上升)

　　rein in (抑制)

　　pass down (使流傳)

　　例句： The decline was partly caused by India?s reining in of its budget deficit and the short?term effects of the implementation of strong emergency stabilization measures.

　　分析：該句是簡單句。

　　譯文：衰退的部分原因是印度抑制其預算赤字及推行強有力的緊急穩(wěn)定措施的短期效果。

　　例句： Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage， either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father?s line or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only from mothers. (選自2009年Text 2)

　　分析：該句是復合句，句子主干是most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either...or...引導的并列短語作a single lineage的同位語，which is passed down only from mothers是一個修飾mitochondrial DNA的非限制性定語從句。

　　譯文：然而，許多血統(tǒng)檢測僅僅考慮一個單一的血統(tǒng)，要么是遺傳來自父親家庭里的Y染色體，要么是僅從母親那里遺傳下來的線粒體DNA。

　　(三)與形容詞搭配

　　如：

　　amenable to (對……負責)

　　conducive to (對……有益)

　　awkward for (對……不便，對……不合適)

　　例句： Korea traditionally has made things awkward for foreigners in terms of its financial systems, its real estate laws and so forth.

　　分析：該句是簡單句。

　　譯文：韓國傳統(tǒng)上一直在金融體制、不動產(chǎn)法等方面讓外國人感到極不方便。