中國成語故事：江郎人才 中英版（1）
Southern Dynasties of Jiang Yan, word Wen-tung, when he was young, became a Dingdingyouming writer, his poems and articles at the time received high acclaims. However, when he is getting older, he has not previously written an article good, but a lot of setbacks. His poems written in prosaic; and pick up a pen-yin grip for a long time, still can not write a word, the occasional inspiration came; poem written, but the textual Kuse, content, plain were completely useless. So some people to legend, once a boat parked in Chan Jiang Yan-Ling Monastery river and dream of a self-named Zhang Jingyang person; to his followers repay a silk, he would arrest a few feet from her, he is also silk. Thus, his article there will be no wonderful. It was also legend; once the rule of Jiang Yan in the booth sleeping too; dreamed that a person claiming to Guo Pu, walked over to his side, his claim to the pen, said to him: "Man Michie, I have a pen in your place has been a long time, and now should be able to give it to me the bar! "Jiang Yan heard, they dig out from his arms, he is also a five-color pen. Reportedly Since then, Jiang Yan on Evans exhausted and could not write the article in any good.
Jiang Yan's talent has not really run out, but he was an officer after the one hand, as the Chief busy, on the other hand also because of career proud of, without their own write, to sweat, they did not write the. Over time, the article will bring out less, lacking in talent. (Excerpt from "Practical Writing" 1995 No. 8 "I hope," Jiang "was not exactly")
南朝的江淹，字文通，他年輕的時候，就成為一個鼎鼎有名的文學家，他的詩和文章在當時獲得極高的評價。 可是，當他年紀漸漸大了以后，他的文章不但沒有以前寫得好了，而且退步不少。他的詩寫出來平淡無奇；而且提筆吟握好久，依舊寫不出一個字來，偶爾靈感來了；詩寫出來了，但文句枯澀，內容 平淡得一無可取。于是就有人傳說，有一次江淹乘船停在禪靈寺的河邊，夢見一 個自稱叫張景陽的人；向他討還一匹綢緞，他就從懷中拘出幾尺綢緞還他。因此,他的文章以后便不精彩了。又有人傳說；有一次江淹在冶亭中睡午覺；夢見一個自稱郭璞 的人，走到他的身邊，向他索筆，對他說：“文通兄，我有一支筆在你那兒已經很久了，現在應該可以還給我了吧!” 江淹聽了，就順手從懷里取出一支五色筆來還他。據說從此以后，江淹就文思枯竭，再也寫不出什么好的文章了。
其實并不是江淹的才華已經用完了，而是他當官以后，一方面由于政務繁忙，另一方面也由于仕途得意，無需自己動筆，勞心費力，就不再動筆了。久而久之，文章自然會逐漸遜色，缺乏才氣。（節選自《應用寫作》1995年第8期《但愿“江郎”才不盡》）
中國成語故事《九牛一毛》中英文版（1）
Li Ling was a great general during the time of emperor Han Wu-di (hàn wǔ dì漢武帝). He was a very good fighter, and he won every battle.
One time, however, Li Ling's troops were so hopelessly outnumbered by the Huns that although they fought bravely, the whole army was soon taken captive.
Li Ling shamefully surrendered for the moment, planning to wait for an opportunity to strike back.
But when news of the surrender reached the capital, the emperor's jealous ministers began to degrade Li Ling in front of the emperor.
What he heard made the emperor so angry that he had Li Ling's wife and mother put to death.
Ze-ma Chian, who had always respected Li Ling, believed that he wouldn't surrender without a reason, and urged the emperor not to believe rumors.
Sz-ma Chian then wrote a long letter to a friend, saying, "I am now in the middle of writing a history book. If I die, it will be as if one ox in a group on nine were to lose a single hair. I am willing to withstand punishment in order to complete this book." Sz-ma Chian finally did finish his book - the very famous Shr-Ji.
This time, the emperor grew angry at Sz-ma Chian, and locking him up, punished him severely.
西漢時代有個很有名的大將軍名叫李陵，他驍勇善戰，百戰百贏。
有一次，雖然李陵的軍隊奮勇殺敵，因為兵力不足而戰敗投降。
李陵打算暫時先忍辱投降，以便伺機等待機會反擊。
但當李陵投降的消息傳到首都，皇上身邊嫉妒的大臣們都開始指責李陵。
皇上十分氣憤，他將李陵的妻子與母親都賜死了。
司馬遷一直很敬重李陵，他不信李陵會無緣無故投降，便諫言皇上不要聽信謠言。
但就因為這樣，皇上便遷怒司馬遷，并將他囚禁，進行嚴懲。
司馬遷隨后寫了一封長信給他的朋友，說道：“我現在在寫一部歷史長篇，如果我死了，就如同九牛一毛般微不足道，但我愿意承受住這般的懲罰，來完成這部書。”最終，司馬遷完成了這部名流千古的史學著作——《史記》。
中國成語故事《四面楚歌》中英文版
At the end of the Qin Dynasty(221-206 B.C.) the State of Chu and the State of Han fought for control for the country. Xiang Yu, the king of Chu, was besieged（包圍） at a place called Gaixia by the Han army led by Liu Bang. Xiang Yu was in a desperate situation, with little food and only a few soliders. At night, the surrounding Han troops started to sing Chu folk songs. Xiang Yu was very surprised at this, and said:"Has Liu Bang occupied the whole of Chu? How can he have drafted so many Chu people into his army?" Then he fled together with the remainder of his forces.
This idiom is used metaphorically to mean to be in a helpless and critical situation, surrounded by the enemy on all sides.
項羽和劉邦原來約定以鴻溝（在今河南榮縣境賈魯河）東西邊作為界限，互不侵犯。后來劉邦聽從張良和陳平的規勸，覺得應該趁項羽衰弱的時候消滅他，就又和韓信、彭越、劉賈會合兵力追擊正在向東開往彭城（即今江蘇徐州）的項羽部隊。終于布置了幾層兵力，把項羽緊緊圍在垓下（在今安徽靈璧縣東南）。這時，項羽手下的兵士已經很少，糧食又沒有了。夜里聽見四面圍住他的軍隊都唱起楚地的民歌，不禁非常吃驚地說：“劉邦已經得到了楚地了嗎？為什么他的部隊里面楚人這么多呢？”說看，心里已喪失了斗志，便從床上爬起來，在營帳里面喝酒，并和他最寵愛的妃子虞姬一同唱歌。唱完，直掉眼淚，在一旁的人也非常難過，都覺得抬不起頭來。虞姬自刎于項羽的馬前，項羽英雄末路，帶了僅剩兵卒至烏江，最終自刎于江邊。
以后人們就用“四面楚歌”這個詞，形容人們遭受各方面攻擊或逼迫，而陷于孤立窘迫的境地。凡是陷于此種境地者，其命運往往是很悲慘的。例如某人因經常與壞人為伍，不事生產，游手好閑，但后來卻被那些壞人逼迫得無以為生，而求助于別人時，別人又因他平日行為太壞，絕不同情理睬，這人所處的境地便是“四面楚歌”。
中國成語故事《不合時宜》中英文版
In the State of Lu, there was a couple of husband and wife, the former being an expert shoemaker and the latter a skilled hand in wearing taffeta. One day after consultations they decided to go to the state of Yue to earn a livelihood. The neighbors advised them not to go when they learned about their plan. "Don't go there," said one neighbor, "If you go, you can never earn a livelihood."
"We cannot understand you," interrogated the couple, "We have a find command of our art, how could we not earn our living with our work? Don't make a fool of us, please."
"Indeed, you have your skill," explained the man, "But have you taken notice of the fact that shoes are made for people and the silk taffeta are for hat-making? The people of Yue don't wear shoes, for they are barefooted. Again, they like to have their hair spread out over their heads and they never use hats. To whom should you sell your shoes and hats then?" Experienced though you are in the arts, yet the arts you have mastered are useless there."
After this explanation, the husband and wife now understood that anything that was not adaptable to the objective world would be useless and unpractical.
魯國有對夫妻，男的是鞋匠，鞋子做的很好；女的是織絹能手。有一天，他們商量想到越國去謀生。消息傳到四鄰后，有人對他們說："不要到那兒去！否則你們一定無法生存的！"那對夫婦說："我們不明白你的意思， 我們都有一套手藝，怎么 會生活不了呢？別胡說了！" 那人說："對呀，你們雖然都有一套手藝，可是你們要知道，鞋子是給人穿的，但越國人都赤腳不穿鞋子，你們織的絲絹原是做帽子用的，但越國人喜歡披著頭發，不戴帽子，你們的本領雖大，手藝雖高，但你們做的鞋子、帽子去賣給誰呢？那對夫婦這才明白，凡事如果不合時宜，不適合客觀環境就不中用了。
中國成語故事《南轅北轍》中英文版
Going South by Driving the Chariot North
Once a man wanted to go to the south, but his carriage was heading north. A passer-by asked him:"If you are going to south, why is your chariot heading north?" The ma answered, "My horse is good at running, My driver is highly skilled at driving a carriage, ad I have enough money."The man didint consider that the direction might be wrong; the better his conditions were, ther further he was away from his destination.
The idiom derived froim this story indicates that one's action was the opposite effect to one's intention.
南轅北轍
從前有個人要到南方去，他坐的車子卻向北方行駛。過路人說：“你去南方，車子怎么向北行駛呢?”他回答說：“我的馬很能跑路，我的車夫駕車的技術也很高明，加上我又帶了充足的路費�！边@個人沒有考慮到，方向弄反了，他的條件越好，離他要取得地方就越遠。
后來人們就把這個故事概括為“南轅北轍”。比喻一個人的行動和他的目的正好相反。
中國成語故事《玩火自焚》中英文版
During the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), prince Zhou Xu of the State of Wei killed his brother and became the new emperor. Zhou Xu was a tyrant. He oppressed his people and indulged in wars of agGREssion. By launching wars, he tried to divert the people's attention and reduce their discontent with him in order to consolidate his dictatorship.
The Duke of the State of Lu leant about Zhou Xu's usurpation of state power and his ambitious plan, he asked a senior official, "What do you think about Zhou Xu's move? "The official answered, "He indulges in wars , bringing his people much disaster. He won't get their support. And he's capricious, so few of his close friends follow him. He can never achieve his success. In addition, war is like fire. If one launches wars endlessly without restraint, he'll eventually burn himself. "
Sure enough, the people of Wei with the help of the State of Chen overthrew Zhou Xu and killed him in less than a year.
Later, people use it to mean that those who do evil will finally ruin themselves.
春秋時期，衛國的王子州吁殺死了他的哥哥衛桓公，成為了衛國的國君。州吁是個暴君，他壓迫百姓，到處侵略別的國家。他想利用戰爭來分散百姓的注意力，減少人們對他的不滿，鞏固他的專政。
魯國的君王知道州吁篡奪了王位，還想吞并其他國家，就問他手下的一名官員："你認為州吁的目的能達到嗎？"那位官員說道："州吁到處打仗，給人民來了災難。人民不會支持他。他這個人又反復無常，身邊沒有什么親信。他不可能實現自己的野心。而且，戰爭就象火。無休止地打仗，最后，火會燒到自己身上。 "
果然，不到一年，衛國人民就在陳國的幫助下推翻了州吁的統治，并處死了他。
后來，人們用這個成語來比喻干害人的勾當，最后受害的還是自己。
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