高二英語上冊必修五知識點重難點解析

2023-12-18 好文

　　一、重點詞匯總結

　　1. impression n. 印記;印象;感想;后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 從句; My first impression of him was favorable.他給我的第一印象非常討人喜歡。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 他們給我的印象是他們對這個情形不是很開心。

　　知識拓展：impress v.給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記;使感動;常用結構有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記; It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她記得我的名字。

　　2. remind v.提醒;使想起;常用結構有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb.+(that)/wh-從句提醒某人……;使某人想起……;remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意識到……;提醒某人某事 I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me? 很抱歉，我忘記你叫什么名字了，你能提醒一下嗎?

　　You remind me of your father when you say that. 說到那的時候，我想起了你的父親。

　　知識拓展：reminder n.提醒物;引起回憶的事物

　　3. constantly adv.始終;一直;重復不斷地 Fashion is constantly changing.時尚總是日新月異。知識拓展：constant adj.連續發生的;不斷的;重復的;

　　4. previous adj.先前的;以往的;(時間上)稍前的;

　　No previous experience is necessary for this job. 以往的經驗對這項工作不是很有必要。

　　I couldn't believe it when I heard the news.我聽到這個消息的時候，我覺得簡直令人那以置信。

　　I had only seen him the previous day. 我只在幾天前見到過他。

　　知識拓展：previously adv. 先前的;早先

　　The building had previously been used as a hotel.這棟建筑早些時候被用作旅館。

　　5. bend v.(bent bent)彎曲;使彎曲;彎腰;彎身;常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts

　　to sth. 致力于某事 bend sb.to sth. 迫使;說服 bend the truth 歪曲事實 It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把鐵棒弄彎很不容易。

　　She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下頭吻了她的女兒。

　　6. press v. 壓;按;推;擠;堅持;敦促 n. 報章雜志，新聞工作者，新聞界 She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手絹捂住鼻子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油門踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation. 他仍堅持索賠。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. 庭審謝絕新聞采訪。

　　7. switch n. & v. 用作名詞表示“開關;轉換”。用作動詞表示“轉換”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 她生第一個孩子的時候調整了工作，把全職工作轉換成了兼職工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按這兩個鍵來轉換屏幕上的文件。

　　I can't work next week, will you switch with me? 下周我不想上班，你能和我換一下班。

　　8. lack n. & v. 用作名詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作動詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺;沒有;不足”。 a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金錢/技能

　　The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因為缺乏興趣這次旅行被取消了。 He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。

　　知識拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏;沒有;匱乏;不足

　　9. surroundings n.環境;surround v. 圍繞;環繞 surrounding adj. 周圍的;附近的 Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 每個人都喜歡在愉快的環境中工作。

　　10. catch/gain/get sight of 發現，看出;lose sight of 看不見,忘記; lose one's sight 失明;at first sight 一見就;乍看起來;at (the) sight of 一看見就……;be in sight 看得見，在眼前;out of sight 看不見At first sight, the problem seems easy. 乍一看，這個問題似乎很簡單。 At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away. 小男孩一看到老師就跑了。 The island is still in sight. 小島仍然在眼前。

　　Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不見，心不煩。

　　11. take up：to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用(時間);占據(空間);to learn to or start to do sth 開始做(某項工作);開始從事;to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受(建議或能得到的東西) The table takes up too much room. 這張桌子太占地兒。 They have taken up golf. 他們學起打高爾夫球來了。 She took up his offer of a drink. 他請她喝一杯，她接受了。 He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要開始履行職責。

　　12. sweep up 打掃;清掃;橫掃;涌向;快速地抱起 He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把將孩子抱進懷里

　　二、重點語法：

　　Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company …..

　　Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep. 過去分詞作狀語：過去分詞作狀語時，說明動作發生的背景或情況，其等同于一個狀語從句。vt 過去分詞作狀語時與主句主語構成被動關系，表示被動和完成，vi 過去分詞表示狀態或動作的完成。

　　1. 作原因狀語，等于as / since / because 引導從句

　　Moved by what she said ,we couldn’t help crying . = ( As we are moved by what she said …

　　2. 作時間狀語，等于when 引導時間從句，如果分詞表示的動作與謂語的動作同時發生，可在分詞前加when/ while / until 等使時間意義更明確。 When heated , water can be changed into steam .

　　Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill…

　　3. 作條件狀語等于 if / whether 引導從句

　　Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention ….

　　Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you …

　　4. 作方式或伴隨狀語

　　The actress came in , followed by her fans . She sat by the window , lost in thought .

　　5. 作讓步狀語

　　Much tired ,he still kept on working .=(Although he was tired ,) he ….

　　6. 獨立主格結構：當分詞的邏輯主語不是主句主語時，分詞可以有自己獨立的邏輯主語，這種結構稱為獨立主格結構。常用來表示伴隨情況。 The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat . All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .

　　【同步練習題】

　　I. 單項選擇。

　　1. In the past, people used to _____ on foot or by horse.

　　A. traveling B. traveled C. travel D. be travel

　　2. She’s still not used to _____ in China.

　　A. live B. the life C. lived D. lives

　　3. People will also take vacations _____ other planets.

　　A. in B. on C. at D. to

　　4. Will there still _____ banks in the future?

　　A. have B. need C. go to D. be

　　5. ____ do you think will shopping be like in the future?

　　A. How B. What C. Which D. Why